Tuesday 29 August 2023

Thinking Activity - Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie


Thinking Activity - Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie 

Welcome to my Blog.This blog is written as a part of a thinking activity assigned by Dr. Dilip Barad sir. 

 

Salman Rushdie 

Have you ever read a book that feels like a whirlwind of imagination and reality? Well, that's the kind of magic Salman Rushdie brings to his stories. He's a famous writer who doesn't just tell tales; he creates whole new worlds with his words. You might not have heard his name before, but once you dive into his stories, you'll be amazed by the places they take you. Get ready to explore the fascinating mix of real life and fantasy as we dive into Rushdie's incredible storytelling journey.

Sir Salman Rushdie (born 19 June 1947) is a renowned Indian-born British-American novelist known for his unique blend of magic realism and historical fiction, often exploring the interplay between Eastern and Western civilizations, typically set on the Indian subcontinent. Born in Bombay, India, just before the country gained independence, Rushdie moved to England at the age of 14. He studied English literature at King's College, Cambridge, and worked as an advertising copywriter in London.


His breakthrough came with his second novel, Midnight's Children (1981), which won the Booker Prize and is hailed as one of the best in the award's history. The novel follows Saleem Sinai, born at India's midnight hour of independence, endowed with magical powers, and delves into themes of identity, belonging, and colonialism's legacy.


Despite facing a fatwa in 1989 following the publication of The Satanic Verses, Rushdie continued to write and became an advocate for freedom of speech and religious tolerance. His extensive body of work includes Shame (1983), The Moor's Last Sigh (1995), and Quichotte (2019). Knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2007, Rushdie remains a prominent figure in contemporary literature and a defender of human rights and freedom of expression.


Midnight's Children 

Imagine a world where the lines between reality and imagination blur, where history converges with personal stories, and where the destinies of individuals are woven into the fabric of a nation's birth. In Salman Rushdie's 'Midnight's Children,' such a world comes alive. As you journey through its pages, you'll be transported not only to post-independence India but also to the depths of your own introspection. This is a novel that defies traditional boundaries, challenging us to question not just the characters and events within its pages, but also the narratives that shape our own lives.


Midnight's Children is a 1981 novel by Salman Rushdie that tells the story of Saleem Sinai, a boy born at the midnight hour of India's independence, who is endowed with magical powers. The novel is a complex and ambitious work that explores themes of identity, belonging, and the legacy of colonialism.


The novel begins with Saleem's birth and follows him through his childhood and adolescence. Saleem is a gifted storyteller, and he narrates his own story in a lyrical and often humorous style. He tells about his family, his friends, and the events that shaped his life.


Saleem's magical powers are a metaphor for the many changes that India experienced after independence. Saleem can read the minds of other people, and he can also communicate telepathically with all of the other children who were born at the midnight hour. This connection between Saleem and the other midnight's children gives him a unique perspective on the events that are happening around him.


Midnight's Children is a sprawling novel that covers a wide range of topics, including the partition of India, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, and the Emergency declared by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1975. The novel is also a meditation on the nature of identity and the meaning of belonging. Saleem is a complex character who is torn between his Indian and British heritage. He is also haunted by the feeling that he does not truly belong anywhere.


Midnight's Children is a powerful and moving novel that is considered to be one of the greatest works of postcolonial literature. It is a novel that will stay with you long after you finish reading it.


Here is a brief introduction to some of the key characters in the novel:


 Saleem Sinai: The narrator of the novel and a boy born at the midnight hour of India's independence. Saleem is endowed with magical powers, including the ability to read minds and communicate telepathically with other midnight's children.

Aadam Aziz: Saleem's grandfather, a doctor who is obsessed with the idea of purity.

 Naseem Aziz: Saleem's grandmother, a beautiful and intelligent woman who is also a devout Muslim.

 Padma: Saleem's wife, a nurse who helps Saleem to write his story.

Shiva: Saleem's best friend and a fellow midnight's child. Shiva is a brilliant scientist who is also a revolutionary.

 Parvati: Shiva's wife and a fellow midnight's child. Parvati is a powerful and enigmatic woman.


Midnight's Children is a complex and rewarding novel that can be enjoyed on many levels. It is a novel that is both entertaining and thought-provoking. It is a novel that will stay with you long after you finish reading it.


Write a brief note on the title – Midnight’s Children.


"Salman Rushdie's 'Midnight's Children' isn't a title; it's a literary portal into the very essence of postcolonial India. This seemingly innocuous phrase unfurls a tapestry of meanings, each thread interwoven with the complexities of identity, history, and destiny. The midnight hour, an epochal threshold between two days, becomes a cosmic metaphor for a nation's rebirth and its individuals' intertwined destinies.


The midnight hour represents an in-between state, a liminal space where the old world dissolves, giving birth to the new. Similarly, the 'children' born at this juncture straddle the line between colonial oppression and nascent independence. They inherit the legacy of a divided past while embodying the promise of a united future. Rushdie's title heralds not only the birth of a new India but also the emergence of a generation marked by the unique circumstances of their inception.


Furthermore, the term 'children' is pregnant with implications. It conjures notions of innocence and vulnerability, contrasting sharply with the weight of the historical circumstances they are thrust into. These 'children' are emblematic of a nation's emergence from colonial bondage, representing the collective aspiration of a people yearning to define their own identity.


Moreover, the midnight hour evokes the mystical, the realm of dreams and magic. This enchanting quality imbues the narrative with a sense of the fantastical, as if the universe itself conspired to infuse these 'children' with extraordinary gifts. Rushdie's choice of title thus invites readers to enter a world where the boundaries between the real and the magical are blurred, reflecting the complex interplay of reality and imagination in postcolonial literature.

 Conclusion 


In essence, 'Midnight's Children' encapsulates not only a temporal marker but a conceptual cornerstone. It signifies the merging of personal and collective histories, as well as the convergence of individual narratives with the grand narrative of a nation. Rushdie's title, like a magician's spell, invokes a world where the past is alive, the present is in flux, and the future is unwritten."

Write an essay on narrative technique in Midnight’s Children.

"Salman Rushdie's narrative technique in 'Midnight's Children' isn't just a stylistic choice; it's a symphony of consciousness that echoes the polyphonic nature of postcolonial India itself. Through the lens of Saleem Sinai's multifaceted mind, Rushdie crafts a narrative that dismantles linear temporality, mimicking the fractured experience of a nation grappling with its past, present, and future.

At its core, the 'stream of consciousness' technique propels us into the intricate labyrinth of Saleem's thoughts. The narrative isn't a linear march; it's a dance of memories, associations, and emotions that mirror the complex layers of human cognition. By immersing us in this cognitive maelstrom, Rushdie renders the narrative an experience rather than a mere observation. We become compatriots of Saleem's mind, navigating his perceptions, fears, and desires alongside our own.

This narrative approach becomes a metaphor for the fragmentation of postcolonial identity. India, upon gaining independence, was a mosaic of cultures, languages, and histories. Rushdie's narrative mirrors this mosaic, stitching together fragments of memory to create a cohesive narrative whole. Saleem's consciousness, like the nation itself, is a repository of diverse influences and narratives, intricately woven to form a unified identity.

Moreover, the narrative technique allows Rushdie to transcend the confines of time and geography. The past isn't relegated to history books; it's an active participant in the present. The omnipresent 'I' that governs Saleem's narration situates the past within the present, as if time is an intricately woven fabric where every thread remains interconnected. This temporal fluidity underscores the inescapable grip of history on the present, reminding us that postcolonial nations can't escape their colonial legacies.

Rushdie's narrative technique also delves into the notion of unreliable narration. Saleem's recollections are subjective, colored by his emotions, biases, and personal motivations. This unreliability isn't a shortcoming; it's a deliberate commentary on the subjective nature of historical memory. Just as Saleem's version of events is shaped by his identity, so too is a nation's understanding of its history influenced by its collective identity.

 

In conclusion, Rushdie's narrative technique in 'Midnight's Children' is a masterstroke of literary innovation. It doesn't just tell a story; it mirrors the complexities of a postcolonial nation forging its identity. Through the fluidity of Saleem's consciousness, we navigate the labyrinth of history, memory, and self, gaining insight into the intricate dance between the personal and the political."



Sunday 6 August 2023

Thinking Activity - Derrida and Deconstruction


 Thinking Activity - Derrida and Deconstruction

 Welcome to my Blog.This blog is written as a part of a thinking activity assigned by Dr. Dilip Barad sir. This blog is about the theory of deconstruction found by Derrida. So in this blog, I would like to share my ideas and understanding of deconstruction, and how to deconstruct the work with the example. 


Jacques Derrida


Jacques Derrida was an Algerian-born French philosopher who developed the philosophy of deconstruction.He was born in El Biar, Algeria, in 1930, to Sephardic Jewish parents.He studied philosophy at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, and later taught at the Sorbonne, the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, and the University of California, Irvine.


Derrida's work has been influential in a wide range of disciplines, including philosophy, literary criticism, cultural studies, and law.

Derrida's work is highly complex and difficult to summarize, but it can be broadly characterized as a critique of Western philosophy and its reliance on binary oppositions, such as speech/writing, presence/absence, and good/evil.

Deconstruction seeks to show how these oppositions are unstable and how they can be used to reveal the hidden assumptions of a text.


His book Speech and Phenomena (1967) argues that the concept of "speech" is dependent on the concept of "writing," and that this relationship undermines the traditional view of speech as a more authentic form of communication.



(1)What do you understand by 'Deconst

ruction'?

Definition of Deconstruction :-

A philosophical movement and theory of literary Criticism that questions traditional assumption about certainty, identity and truth; asserts that words can only refer to other words; and attempts to demonstrate how statement about any text subvert their own meaning. 




Deconstruction is a philosophical method that was developed by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida in the 1960s. It is a way of reading and interpreting texts that focuses on the ways in which meaning is unstable and constantly deferred. Deconstructionists argue that texts are not simply repositories of meaning, but are instead active sites of meaning-production. They believe that texts contain internal contradictions and inconsistencies that can be used to destabilize their ostensible meanings.

One important idea in deconstruction is called "différance." It's a made-up word by Derrida, combining "difference" and "deferment" in French. Différance means that meaning is never just given right away, but it's always delayed or postponed. According to Derrida, meaning is created through differences and delays.


Deconstructionists use different methods to analyze texts. One common method is focusing on binary oppositions. 

These are pairs of terms like "good" and "evil," "male" and "female," or "nature" and "culture," which are believed to be completely opposite. Deconstructionists suggest that these oppositions aren't as fixed as they appear and often have hidden contradictions. For instance, the "good" and "evil" opposition assumes a clear difference, but deconstructionists argue that it's not always so clear-cut and can be blurry.

Deconstruction is a method of reading and understanding texts that is both intricate and debated. Some critics argue that it's overly negative and questions the very idea of meaning. However, deconstruction also has its supporters who praise it for its valuable observations about language and its ability to challenge established ways of thinking. So, it's a method that sparks both criticism and admiration in the academic world.


(2)Read a poem or an add or TV serial or film or any literary text as post structuralist critic.

Advertisement of Wild Stone Talcum powder




Wild Stone Talcum powder is a well-known talcum powder brand in India, targeted towards men. Their advertisements typically showcase muscular, shirtless men exuding confidence and attractiveness. These ads show a particular image of masculinity, connecting it to qualities like strength, manliness, and attractiveness.

This ad is a problem because they encourage old-fashioned ideas about how men should be. They suggest that men must be strong, manly, and attractive, and that using talcum powder is necessary to fit into this traditional view of masculinity.This ad is concerning because it supports old-fashioned ideas about how men should act or appear.

We can see that this ad is not realistic and achievable. The men in the ads appear to be physically perfect and flawless, which is not how real people are. This unrealistic image of masculinity can be harmful to men, as it may make them feel not good enough and unsure about themselves.

The Wild Stone Talcum powder ads use clever words. The brand name "Wild Stone" suggests that using this product will make men more masculine and attractive. The word "wild" can also mean  "uncontrolled," which means the product might make men feel more primal and animal-like.The ads also show men in a specific way. All the men in the ads are muscular and shirtless, highlighting their physical strength and manliness. However, this portrayal of masculinity is very narrow and leaves out men who don't have a perfect body, making them feel excluded.

This ad is a good example of how advertising can reinforce traditional ideas about gender. They create an unrealistic and unattainable image of masculinity, which could arm men's self-esteem and confidence.

The Wild Stone Talcum powder ads use language and visuals to shape a specific idea of masculinity, but this portrayal is limited and can negatively impact men's perception of themselves.




Assignment 210 Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing(Comparative Analysis of Shakespearean Plays and Bollywood Adaptations: Macbeth to Maqbool, Othello to Omkara, and Hamlet to Haider)

Assignment 210 Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing Name: Bhavyata Kukadiya Roll No.: 04 Enrollment No.: 4069206420220018 Paper no...